Tristan Bernards Im Going! An Analysis - 1898 Words

Tristan Bernards Im Going! is a comedy in one act, the dramatic counterpart to a prose short story like Guy de Maupassants The Necklace. Both of these modern works of French literature reveal issues such as gender roles and gender norms within a traditional heterosexual marriage framework. The stories suggest tensions between traditional patriarchy and the more egalitarian gender norms that are transforming the way couples relate. Both Im Going! and The Necklace take place in an urban setting and also show how issues like social class can impact the domestic partnership. For Henri and Jeanne in Im Going! it is how they use their conspicuous leisure time that forms the central conflict in the comedy in one act. Clearly Henri and Jeanne are of the upper class or bourgeoisie. On the contrary, Mathilde and her husband are of the working class and by the end of the story are outright poor. Their socio-economic class status adds tension and a unique dynamic to the Loisel relationship, as i t helps to define the protagonists characters. Therefore, gender norms and socio-economic class define the couples and the individual characters in Tristan Bernards Im Going! and Guy de Maupassants The Necklace. Im Going! begins with Henri and Jeanne in their apartment in Paris, and the entire one-act farce takes place in the same scene. Bernard immediately introduces a central tension between the husband and wife; he is a little nervous when she asks to go toShow MoreRelated19th and 20th Century Gender Expectations in Literature2483 Words   |  10 Pagesinto their work. A fact of the times, even into early 20th century, is that women were not equal to men and the expectations of women were not equal as well. This point will be illustrated by comparative analysis of two separate forms of literature: Tristan Bernard’s humorous play I’m Going! A Comedy in One Act, and Kate Chopin’s short story â€Å"The Story of an Hour.† Authors can use plays, stories or poems to bring us into their world, and through imagination we can connect with them, if only briefly

Information Act - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 12 Words: 3610 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/09/25 Category Advertising Essay Type Argumentative essay Tags: Act Essay Corruption Essay Information Essay Did you like this example? Executive Summary The Indian Government, to promote transparency and accountability in the administration processes, brought into force the Right to Information Act on October 12th, 2005. As per the Parliament of India, the purpose of the RTI Act is ‘to provide for setting out the practical regime of right to information for citizens’[i]. The Act applies to all the states and union territories of India, except Jammu and Kashmir. The Act is applicable to all constitutional authorities – any institution or body constituted by an act of Parliament or state legislature – including the executive, judiciary and the legislature. This act empowered the citizens of India to seek information from public authorities. In particular, the RTI act was expected to have a huge impact on the quality of the life of the poor and other backward sections of the community. Over the last five years, several incidents have highlighted that the RTI act has enough ‘t eeth’ in it to bring radical increase in transparency and reduction in corruption. At the same time, it has to be accepted that the act has not reached the envisioned level. However, the institutional mechanism for the implementation of act are in place and some stakeholders like media and civil right activists have been making extensive usage of the act to bring transparency and objectivity in the functioning of various public offices. However, the reach of civil society organizations and social activists is limited owing to the geographical size and population. The success stories of the RTI act range from identifying lost postal orders to highlighting scams worth crores of rupees. Though, corruption and other inefficiencies in the Government were known earlier, citizens could not take any recourse measure. However, with the advent of the RTI act, this situation has changed. Public has found a powerful tool to bring measurability and accountability at all levels of go vernance. During the study for this report, it was found that the major issues in the implementation of the RTI Act are – lack of awareness in the public, inconvenience in requesting information, lack of support for concerned uthorities, lack of accountability and clarity in role, lack of infrastructure and training, inefficiencies at Information Commissions and the passive nature of Government in implementing the act. Another challenge before the Government is to aggressively encourage ‘voluntary disclosure of information’ among its various authorities. Government needs to take proactive measure for the RTI act to live up to its expected potential. It needs to take steps to improve awareness among citizens, assist the applicants, set up independent and third-party audit committees to review the functioning of Information Commissions, generate efficient models for processing RTI files etc. Detailed Summary The Indian Constitution was written with an implicit r ight to knowledge. But then, over the years, as the Government mechanisms became more and more bureaucratic and political, many Government employees started looking at increasing their influence in the organisation – and that started off with with-holding information. Farmers and others who were kept in the dark regarding many Govt policies protested and the basis for RTI was born. The Right to Information Act was passed in mid 2005 and was effective from October 2005[ii]. It superseded all the other special laws that had until then guarded official information in India, like the Official Secrets acti. Salient features and Social Impact: The six chapters and thirty one sections[iii] of the Right to Information act (2005) empower every citizen of India to ask any question and seek any information from the Government. By information, we mean records, memos, circulars, documents, e-mails, opinions, samples, models, advices, press releases, reports, papers, orders, logbooks , contracts and electronically stored information[iv]. RTI, however, is not absolute, as in, sections 8 and 9 tell us about the categories of information that are exempt from disclosure[v]. Categories under section 8, if demanded to serve a larger public interest, can be disclosedi. A common citizen cannot be denied any information that cannot be denied to state / legislative assemblies or a parliamentary housev. Information can be demanded from any central or state government departments, including panchayats, and from any other organization (including Non-governmental organisations) that is owned, controlled, established or substantially financed in any way by any section of the government, be it central or state[vi]. We should note that the act does not apply to the state of Jammu and Kashmir[vii]. Every Government department that comes under the purview of the RTI designated a Public Information Officer (PIO) and several Assistant PIOs within 100 days of the enactment of the law[viii]. Some documents, as per Section 4, were also required to be made available to the public suo moto by the Government authoritiesvii i. e. on their own, without anyone demanding to know. The PIO can take up to 30 days (plus a few days for postal delays etc) to get back to the applicantviii. He can also take an additional 5 days if the application is sent to the wrong department and needs to be transferred to another dept and another 15 days if there are unavoidable delays (after notifying the applicant in writing). ix] If the applicant doesn’t receive any information from the PIO past the specified date or if the received reply is not satisfactory, the issue can be escalated to the first appellate authority within another 30 days[x]. If the first appellate authority cannot give a satisfactory reply either within the stipulated 30 day time limit, the issue can be taken to the notice of the second appellate authority within 90 days of receiving the first appeal order svii. There is no time limit for the CIC (Central Information Commission) to reply to the second appealvii. The fee for application varies from department to department and is dependent on whether the applicant seeks information from the state or the central governments – but then, it is very much affordable for the massesi. The Central Government, for example, has a fee of INR 10 for application and a further INR 2 for every page that was created and copied[xi]. In the first few years, even though the suo moto disclosures have not really lived up to expectations, several people and organisations have benefited by the act; from 70 year old Kaniram, who got his entitlement of PDS food grains that was denied to him for a whole year, to nine year old Pranav who forced Delhi Police to register a complaint regarding the bicycle that he lost[xii]. Students got the UPSC to disclose the cut-off marks and Krishak Mukti Sangram Samiti in Assam used the Right to Information act to expose illegal diversion of food grains that were allotted to the poor from the PDS centres[xiii]. These are just samples taken from a bigger list of victories for the RTI act and the common manix. The RTI act does have its issues about which we will discuss in a while. Several non-governmental organisations like Parivartan[xiv] (led by Arvind Khejriwal) and Kabir[xv] exist primarily to help people with the Right to Information act and create as much awareness as possible, given that not everyone knows just how potent the act is. We believe that continuous usage of this act and timely follow up from the Officers would lead to a culture of openness in the society. The application filed by Pranav, even if it sounds like an elementary issue, speaks a lot about what the young generation is growing up to. Origination of the Idea Though Indian is a liberal democracy, people are mostly denied access to basic information in the public domain. The Constitution of India does not grant a right to information explicitly. However, the Supreme Court of India has held in several cases that the right to information is implicit in the constitutional rights of freedom of speech and expression (Article 19 (1)(a) and right to life and liberty (Article 21). xvi] The Right to Information campaign in India began with the Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan (MKSS), a small but a powerful union of agricultural labour in a remote village Dengungri, Rajasthan. The village accounts had entries of nonexistent people and shadow developmental expenses[xvii] and the illiterate villagers were denied their wages[xviii]. The anger and determination of the villagers to hold the government accountable and bring in transparency in village accounts initiated the Right to Information movement. MKSS demanded that copies of all documents related to public work are made available to people, for a public audit[xix]. The significance of the struggle by MKSS was its fundamental premise that ordinary people must not be condemned to remain dependent on chance or someone else to free them from the oppressions of corruption. Instead, they must be empowered to control and fight the corruption on their own. The success of the MKSS movement led to the genesis of a broader disclosure on RTI in India. In 1993, the Consumer Education and Research Council, Ahmedabad (CERC) proposed a draft RTI law[xx]. During 1996-97, the Press Council of India submitted two draft model laws on the RTI but these were not considered seriously by the Government. In 1996, MKSSs advocacy gave rise to the National Campaign on Peoples Right to Information (NCPRI), an organization which aimed to support for the right to information and to lobby the government for enactment and effective access to information legislation[xxi]. The members of the NCPRI included ex government workers, well connected leaders many of whom had been a part of the local campaigns or jan sangathans. xxii] In 1997, the Shourie committe e, under the chairmanship of Mr H. D. Shourie came up with draft legislation on the freedom of information which was criticised for not adopting a high enough standard. The draft was reworked into the Freedom of Information Bill 2000 which also was eventually rejected. The National advisory commission (NAC) was set up to oversee the implementation on the Common minimum program and since then it has been working closely on the RTI. In May 2005, the RTI amendment bill was tabled and passed in Lok Sabha. Soon after the Rajya Sabha passed the bill, the then President APJ Abdul Kalam gave his assent to the Act. On 12th October, 2005, The Right to Information Act formally came into force. Key Issues in implementation of RTI Act 1. Low public awareness: The first and foremost issue in the implementation of the act is the lack of public awareness. Former Chief Information Commissioner Mr. Wajahat Habibullah recently expressed concerns that public awareness about Right to Information (RTI ) Act is not as high as it should have been[xxiii]. A survey conducted by Price Water Coopers has revealed that only 15% of the respondents were aware of the act[xxiv]. This lack of awareness is acute among women, rural population and people from backward castes (Refer the charts in exhibits). This defeats the basic purpose of act i. e providing information to the common man. Another important problem in this regard is the quality of awareness. Most of the people who claim to be aware of the RTI act are poor in terms of quality of awareness i. e how much information can be asked, what type of information can be asked for and from whom the information can be asked for. This problem was tried to overcome by encouraging ‘proactive disclosure of the information’ by institutions. However, this being optional as against mandatory in some other countries, has not resulted in any effective dissemination of information. 2. Constraints while filling the application: Lack of proper user guidelines is resulting in significant efforts on the part of the information seeker to gather knowledge about the process for RTI request submission. This lack of procedural guidelines is putting off many citizens from requesting information. Very few states have provided standard application forms for filing an RTI request[xxv]. Also, though the law allows a citizen to make a request through electronic means, in reality, the efforts made to receive requests through such media are grossly inadequate. Another related problem is the lack of assistance and non-friendly attitude of PIOs (public information officers) towards the applicants. The users do not know whom to turn to for assistance while filing an application. 3. Issues faced during information dissemination: These are the issues faced on the ‘supply’ side of the act. The biggest problem is providing information within the stipulated 30 days time. Currently, there are inadequate processes and m easures in place to monitor the adherence of PIOs to the deadlines in providing the requested information. The PIOs are challenged to provide the information within the stipulated time due to inadequate record management procedures. This challenge is further severed by non-availability of proper infrastructure. The obsolete record management procedures and limited use of IT is preventing the PIOs from timely dissemination of information. Another important issue is the inadequate training of PIOs in terms of both behaviour and in-depth understanding of RTI act. In addition, there is a lack of motivation for PIOs as there are no incentives to take up a PIO job while the penalties for non-compliance exist. There is a clause in the RTI act allowing for dissemination information on suo moto basis. The PIOs should make use of this clause and proactively give out information and eliminate the hassle of large number of RTI applications. However, most of the PIOs are not aware of this pro vision. Even in cases when suo moto information is being provided, the quality of information is quite low and is not regularly updated there by serving no purpose. 4. Passive role of the Government: There are no adequate mechanisms within the government authorities to implement the provisions of the act. Neither the Government not the Information commissions have ensured this basic minimum requirement for implementation of RTI act. During a survey by Price Water Coopers, it was found that most of the states do no maintain a centralized data base of RTI applicants[xxvi]. This leads to delay in providing data and puts the authorities in a situation where they cannot publish the accurate numbers of applications filed and applications processed. In addition, the pendency of RTI requests at the Information Commissions is huge. This leads to delay in processing of a RTI request. One of the important roles of Information Commission is to monitor the public authority and take steps t o ensure they comply with the act. However, this has been one of the weakest links of the RTI act so far. This is resulting in a large number of appeals there by wasting resources. There is an ambiguity about the roles and responsibilities of the State Governments and the Information commissions which is leading to wastage of time and resources and delay in addressing information requests. Government should take steps like creation of a knowledge resource centre, capacity building for training of PIOs, improving the motivation for PIOs and earmarking budget for implementing the recommendations. Effectiveness of the RTI Act The objective of the RTI Act (as enshrined in its preamble) is to establish a practical regime for citizens to access information held by Public Authorities. This in turn will lead to increased transparency and accountability at the Public Authorities. I. Establish a practical regime for citizens to access information: Civil society organizations, media and activists have contributed a lot in spreading the awareness of the Act amongst masses and also they have played a key role in training of PIOs AAs, making them aware of their roles and responsibilities. xxvii] However, in spite of tremendous government and social bodies’ effort in spreading awareness of RTI and educating government officials about RTI, it was found in a survey that only 10% of PIOs scored above average on parameters associated with awareness about the Act[xxviii]. In a survey of applicants who received response to their information request, two thirds got some information and only half got full information[xxix]. About three fourths of the respondents told that PIOs were not cooperative in the process. One interesting fact came out that one third of 426 PIOs contacted didn’t know that they are PIOs! [xxx] II. Increased transparency and accountability at the Public Authorities RTI has become a powerful tool in the hands of citizen to fight against c orruption and have their rights. Study suggests that more and more information is sought from government bodies about their functioning, testing their fairness efficiency and highlighting any irregularities[xxxi]. Since, the Act came into effect it revolutionized the whole system and people are delighted to be equipped with the real power of freedom of information. Though there is substantial implementation of the Act, it still needs more ammunition so that the citizens can use it to the fullest. There is a need for enhanced accountability and clarity of roles in government bodies. There is a need for mass awareness, conducive environment emphasis on capacity building at central, state as well as district level. Government should improve efficiency of Information Commission and institutionalize third party audit, so as to maintain transparency and evaluate the success of RTI act in periodic manner[xxxii]. Interestingly there are sections of the  RTI  Act which act as mai n hurdles. These sections impede obtaining information related to process of investigation, personal information and information diverting the resources of public authority. Lessons Learnt †¢ There should not be any variance in role/ownership among different departments of government after the fact that their roles are clearly defined in the Act. †¢ There should be adequate planning at Public Authority level for identifying and addressing the constraints to ensure the citizens make full use of the new social innovation. There should not be any inadequate processes, infrastructure or resources for the organization to measure the extent of implementation of any social innovation. †¢ Necessary government support should be provided to the authorities with detailed roles and responsibilities that are in alignment with the provisions of the Act. †¢ Governments should organize educational programs in order to bring awareness of the new social innovation among its citize ns as only â€Å"media† played a key role in bringing awareness in case of Right To Information Act to[xxxiii] o Only 12% of the women and 26% of the men Only 27% of the General category and 14% of the OBC/SC/ST categories o Only 13% of the rural population and 33% in urban population †¢ Increase the number of channels through which a citizen can have access to the new social innovation. In the case of RTI, during payment of fee to receive information the citizen has to be presented physically even though the Act has no such restriction. †¢ Adequate training should be given to all the employees who work towards the service of any new social innovation as the report from PWC on RTI shows that only 45% of Public PIOs have mentioned that they have not been trained on RTI[xxxiv]. Proper motivation should be cultivated among all the employees serving for the new social innovations †¢ Information Technology should be effectively used in capturing the performance anal ysis of any new social Innovation. †¢ Strictly adhere to the service levels that are stipulated in the Act i. e. , in the case of RTI the applicant should be provided the required information within 30 days of the petition. Appendix [pic] [pic][pic] [pic] References [i] https://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Right_to_Information_Act Article in Wikipedia on RTI Act [ii] https://www. ummies. com/how-to/content/putting-indias-right-to-information-act-to-good-us. html [iii] https://righttoinformation. gov. in/ [iv] https://www. rtiindia. org/guide/fundamental-facts-about-rti-2/what-is-right-to-information-6/ [v] www. rtiindia. org [vi] https://www. kabir. org. in/content/salientfeaturesofindia1. htm [vii] https://righttoinformation. gov. in/rti-act. pdf [viii] Salient features of RTI by Associate Prof R. K. Chowbisa of HCM Rajasthan State Institute of Public Administration, Jaipur at www. upacademy. org/presentationpdf/rti/RTI_SALIENT_FEATURES. ppt [ix] https://www. tiindia. org/guide/f undamental-facts-about-rti-2/time-limits-specified-in-the-rti-act-18/ [x] https://www. rtiindia. org/guide/fundamental-facts-about-rti-2/time-limits-specified-in-the-rti-act-18/ [xi] https://www. kabir. org. in/content/salientfeaturesofindia1. htm [xii] https://www. rti. org. in/Documents/Complete%20Article%20as%20one%20PDF. pdf [xiii] Samudra Gupta Kashyap in the Indian Express at https://www. indianexpress. com/story/254593. html [xiv] https://www. indiatogether. org/campaigns/parivartan/ [xv] https://www. kabir. org. in/indexx. htm [xvi] https://www. hesouthasian. org/archives/2006/post. html Article on the History of Right to Information [xvii] https://www. nyayabhoomi. org/treatise/history/history1. htm Article on the rising RTI in India [xviii] https://www. worldpress. org/asia/1014. cfm Interview with Aruna Roy and Nikhil Dey. Transparency and Poverty in India. [xix]https://www. humanrightsinitiative. org/programs/ai/rti/india/articles/The%20Movement%20for%20RTI%20in%20Ind ia. pdf Article: The Movement for Right to Information in India. People’s power for the Control of Corruption – Harsh Mander and Abha Joshi. xx] https://www. thesouthasian. org/archives/2006/post. html Article on the history of RTI [xxi] https://www. thesouthasian. org/archives/2006/post. html Article on the history of RTI [xxii] https://www. drc-citizenship. org/publications/InFocus/Rs_India_final1. pdf Winning the Right to Information campaign in India : Amita Baviskar [xxiii] https://www. rtiindia. org/forum/51999-more-awareness-needed-right-information-act. html Forum regarding issues in RTI implementation [xxiv] https://rti. gov. in/rticorner/studybypwc/key_issues. df Study of PWC on RTI act in India [xxv] https://rti. gov. in/rticorner/studybypwc/key_issues. pdf Study of PWC on RTI act in India [xxvi] https://rti. gov. in/rticorner/studybypwc/key_issues. pdf Article of PWC on issues in implementation of RTI act in India [xxvii] https://rti. gov. in/rticor ner/studybypwc/key_issues. pdf, Study of RTI by PricewaterhouseCoopers, 2009 [xxviii] https://cic. gov. in/CIC-Articles/TimesOfIndia-28092008. htm, The Times Of India Article, 28 Sep 2008, 0656 hrs IST,TNN [xxix] https://www. rtiindia. org/directory/uploads-2/interim-findings-of-the-peoples-r Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Information Act" essay for you Create order

Anthropology and the Politics of Development - 1197 Words

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Essay about Scenes in Shakespeares Hamlet - 653 Words

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Logistic Management Singapore Food Delight Manufacturing Pte Ltd

Question: Discuss about theLogistic Managementfor Singapore Food Delight Manufacturing Pte Ltd. Answer: Introduction: This essay has been written for analyzing the effectiveness and efficiency of the aspects of purchasing management. Singapore food delight manufacturing Pte ltd has been taken consideration for this research. The main objective behind this essay is to analysis the role of purchasing management into an organization and how it impacts on the organizations cost and profit. In this essay many factors have been analyzed to check the efficiency of purchase management team and their impact over the organization and its manufacturing and other operations. Company Profile: Singapore food delight manufacturing Pte ltd is one of the most known manufacturing companies in food industry. The main product of the company is Singapore hawker. HACCP certified company for its operations and its quality. Company has introduced many new technology of cooking into the market. The main vision of the company is to provide the best quality product to its customers in cheap price. Company believes to provide the happiness into small boxes in which the food of the company is packed. Company uses the best of the technology to meet the goals and objectives of the organization. The technique of inventory management, order cycle, order quantity etc is quite competitive of Singapore food delight manufacturing Pte ltd. The main target market of the company is local market where the company supplies the fresh product to its customer is such a packaging that the product could be fresh for a long period. Company offers frozen food to its customer which could even eat directly by the consumers. Company is planning new strategies to grab the more market by offering the best quality product to its customers (Ponomarov Holcomb, 2009). SFD is the only company of Singapore which produces such food products with the authentic taste. Company has launched many new products like chicken rice, nasal briyani, chicken briyani, laksa, carrot cake etc. Purchasing Goals of Singapore Food Delight Manufacturing Pte Ltd: Every company has some purchasing goals to accomplish the organizational goal. It is required for every manufacturing company to establish some goals of purchasing the raw material as this is the main element of the manufacturing process (Jttner, 2005). Company must set the goal such as purchasing the best quality product in cheapest price, bargain with supplier, identify the best supplier into the market, purchase only required product, and manage a list of all the required product and their frequency of requirement. At Singapore food delight manufacturing Pte ltd (SFD) the purchasing goals are as follows: Quality of raw material: The main goal of the company is to buy the best quality of raw material such as spices, rice, chicken, flour etc. SFD could only provide the best quality product to its consumer, if it too gets the best quality of raw products (Carter Liane Easton, 2011). Get the order on time: It is crucial for every manufacturing company to get the order on time. If a company fails to get the material on time, than the production of company could stop which would lead the company on a great. Maintain the right supply of raw products: The crucial goal of SFD is maintaining the supply of raw products in concern of quantity, quality and value. Minimize the operational money: The other goal of the company is minimizing the operational cost by ordering the product at the right time and from the nearest supplier. Competitive: Company focuses on be competitive. So that it can take a step further from its competitors. SFD also focus to competitive factor while purchasing the raw products. Reliability on suppliers: Company takes care about the suppliers and relies on them to accomplish and meet the objectives and goals of the company. Value of material: The crucial goal of the company is minimizing the cost. For it company analyzes that the purchased product is of worth or not. Efficiency and Effectiveness: Efficiency and Effectiveness is the main goal. The raw products must be efficient and must be effective. Cost Saving: Company focuses on saving the cost by using many technologies and other accounting and logistic technique. Strategic relationship with suppliers: The goal of maintain relationship with supplier helps the company in retaining the best supplier for a long period. Thus, the purchasing goals of SFD is quite competitive and company is mangling on its fullest to meet all the objectives so that company can save the cost and can provide the best quality products to its consumer for grabbing more market and satisfy the customer to enhance the goodwill in the market. Supplier Selection Criteria and Issues: For meeting the purchasing goals of the company, the main aspect of the company is to choose the best supplier. Only a good supplier could help the company in meeting all its objectives and goals. The supplier selection criteria of SFD are based on the old technique. Company doesnt take the suppliers selection seriously (Van Weele, 2009). So following are some suggestions to the SFD to follow while choosing the supplier. So that company could fulfill all the objectives and goals. Recommendation to SFD to Select the Suppliers: Selecting the supplier is a crucial part of every manufacturing company. Suppliers are those who supply the raw material goods to manufacturing company. The SFD is suggested to apply the following criteria while choosing the suppliers: Identify the suppliers: ompany must analyze all the key suppliers of raw material and must analyze according to the requirement of the company. SFD must analyze all the suppliers which are nearest to it and identify that how much of them could help the company to achieve its final goal (Zsidisin Siferd, 2001). Measuring the performance of suppliers: SFD must measure the performance of every identified supplier and must find out that which supplier is giving the best performance in delivering the material at right time, in right quantity and in cheap price. Company could take the help of an auditor to analyze all the factors about the supplier company. Gaining the feedback of suppliers: Another tool, SFD could use to identify the best supplier is gaining the feedback from supplier itself. For it, company could ask the supplier to fill a self assessment questionnaire. It could help the company in analyzing the performance of the supplier company (Gelderman Semeijn, 2006). Achieving certification: Certification could also help the company to identify the best supplier and take the help of those suppliers for a long time. Certification could be provided by the companies to each other according to the relations and behavior. Developing partnerships: A strategic partnership could also help the SFD in managing the best relationship with the suppliers and ask them to provide the best quality product in a economic price. Ensuring the quality of material for the consumers: While choosing the best supplier for the company, SFD must analyze that the chosen supplier would provide the best quality product which would help the company in becoming more competitive (Fawcett, Magnan McCarter, 2008). Thus SFD must follow the above mentioned recommendations to choose the best supplier which could provide the company best quality product in economic price. Decisions: Many issues could be faced by the company while choosing the best supplier such as: Pricing Problem No guarantee of Services Quality Issues Competition No delivery on time (Gelderman Weele, 2002) Thus, the above mentioned issues could be face by the company. For sort out these problems, SFD must use the following techniques: Analyze all the suppliers services and chose the best among them Take the help of secondary data to identify the suppliers goodwill and services Company could conduct a research to analyze the cost and can opt the most economic cost (Miles Snow, 2007) SFD must use accounting technique and take the help of exports to identify the price and quality of the raw material. ICT for Purchasing Operations: The purchasing goals of SFD are quite competitive. But according to a research it has been found that company could enhance the capabilities more and could achieve the goal easily, if it chooses the information, communication and technology in it. For meeting the purchasing goals of the company, ICT plays an important role. Due to it, SFD not only can enhance the capabilities but even can reduce the expenses also. The technologies and techniques used in the company are quite old (Sachan Datta, 2005). So following are some suggestions to the SFD to follow while implementing the new techniques. So that company could fulfill all the objectives and goals. Recommendation to SFD to Implement New Technology: It is recommended to SFD to make some changes in existing technologies and communication technology so that company could achieve the goals more efficiently. Following are some changes which company could implement in the operations of the company to make some better changes. Company could take the help of many existing software in the market of logistics and supply chain management. Company could take the help of technology to communicate the requirement of raw product and order of that. Company could implement the new technology into the warehouse and factory so that manger could analysis that when to order the new material (Shepherd Gnter, 2006). Company could use the accounting software and technique to analysis the order cycle and could order the material according to that. Company could analysis the logistic through technology and can plan the purchasing according to that. Purchasing Cost Analysis: The purchasing goals of SFD are quite competitive. But according to the analysis it has been found that company could reduce the purchasing cost more and enhance the capabilities more and could achieve the goal easily, if it focuses on reduction of extra expenses occur while ordering the new lot (Zhao, Flynn Roth, 2007). For meeting the purchasing goals of the company, cost plays the most crucial role. Due to it, SFD not only can enhance the capabilities but even can reduce the expenses also. So following are some suggestions to the SFD to follow for reducing the cost of purchase. So that company could fulfill all the objectives and goals. Recommendation to SFD to Implement New Technology: It is recommended to SFD to make some changes in existing method of reducing the cost and making control over the cost so that company could achieve the goals more efficiently. Following are some changes which company could change in reducing the cost of the company and enhance the profitability. Company must place the new order according to the order cycle. Company must purchase the raw material from the nearest supplier to reduce the transport cost. Company must focus over the wearing and tearing charges and should work to reduce it (Stock, Boyer Harmon, 2010). Company must use the communication technology to place the order so that supplier could held be responsible in case of any failure. Company must maintain the best relationship with suppliers to get some offer. Company must make control over loading, unloading and warehouse charges. Conclusion: It can be concluded through this study that purchasing management is a main part of logistic management. It has been analyzed through this study that Singapore food delight manufacturing pte ltd is one of the growing companies in local market. The company has used best of the technologies to accomplish and meet the objectives and goals of purchasing management of the company. It has been found that if company opts and makes changes in some of the using techniques; it could enhance its profitability and could deliver the more qualitative food to the consumers in economic price. Through this study and analysis it can also be concluded that company is growing rapidly into the market and the customers are quite satisfy with the services of the company. It could also be concluded that the suppliers of the company are quite competitive and the techniques of the company helps it to take a further step into the industry. References: Zhao, X., Flynn, B. B., Roth, A. V. (2007). Decision sciences research in China: current status, opportunities, and propositions for research in supply chain management, logistics, and quality management. Decision Sciences, 38(1), 39-80. Stock, J. R., Boyer, S. L., Harmon, T. (2010). Research opportunities in supply chain management. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 38(1), 32-41. Shepherd, C., Gnter, H. (2006). Measuring supply chain performance: current research and future directions. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 55(3/4), 242-258. Sachan, A., Datta, S. (2005). Review of supply chain management and logistics research. International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management, 35(9), 664-705. Miles, R. E., Snow, C. C. (2007). Organization theory and supply chain management: An evolving research perspective. Journal of operations management, 25(2), 459-463. Ponomarov, S. Y., Holcomb, M. C. (2009). Understanding the concept of supply chain resilience. The International Journal of Logistics Management, 20(1), 124-143. Jttner, U. (2005). Supply chain risk management: Understanding the business requirements from a practitioner perspective. The International Journal of Logistics Management, 16(1), 120-141. Carter, C. R., Liane Easton, P. (2011). Sustainable supply chain management: evolution and future directions. International journal of physical distribution logistics management, 41(1), 46-62. Fawcett, S. E., Magnan, G. M., McCarter, M. W. (2008). Benefits, barriers, and bridges to effective supply chain management. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 13(1), 35-48. Van Weele, A. J. (2009).Purchasing supply chain management: analysis, strategy, planning and practice. Cengage Learning EMEA. Gelderman, C. J., Semeijn, J. (2006). Managing the global supply base through purchasing portfolio management.Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management,12(4), 209-217. Zsidisin, G. A., Siferd, S. P. (2001). Environmental purchasing: a framework for theory development.European Journal of Purchasing Supply Management,7(1), 61-73. Gelderman, C. J., Weele, A. J. (2002). Strategic direction through purchasing portfolio management: a case study.Journal of Supply Chain Management,38(1), 30-37.

A ciascuno il suo Essay Example For Students

A ciascuno il suo Essay Indeed the last words epitomise Lauranas incompetence: Era un cretino (P151). The novel does not fit within its assigned mould in other aspects: primarily, the reader is aware from an early stage who the murderer is, and more importantly, A ciascuno il suo is not a celebration of intelligence; on the contrary: it presents the idea that mysteries are solved by chance not reason: Gli elementi che portano a risolvere I delitti che si presentano con carattere di mistero o di gratuiti sono la confidenza diciamo professionale, la delazione anonima, il caso. E un po, soltanto un po, lacutezza degli inquirenti (P60). Therefore, Sciascias novel is not a celebration of power of reason but rather a denunciation of the limits of reason. It is in this way that Sciascia uses the genre of mystery writing as an ironic device: the typical belief in rationality and intelligence and their power to change things is made a mockery of in A ciascuno il suo the whole intention of the novel is to communicate that nothing changes, not in a place so insular and mafia-saturated as Sicily. Fundamentally novel is a dark portrayal of the corruption of Sicily beyond repair, lack of justice the title of the novel is an ironic play on this: A ciascuno il suo comes from the Latin Unicuique suum, which was originally part of Roman moral legislation to each their own everyone receives the punishment they deserve. Evidently in Sicilian society the opposite of this is true. This phrase Unicuique suum has another implication within the novel: the phrase was used to make up the death threat from the pharmacist, and was cut from the Osservatore Romano, the countrys principal catholic newspaper. Sciascia is highlighting the corruption and involvement here of not only individuals and government in the mafia, but also the Catholic church. This idea is predominant throughout: it is especially evident in chapter 10, when the corruption and involvement of Il parroco di SantAnna is explicit. People are relatively relaxed about their involvement and collective guilt. Everyone is implicated through friendship, politics or family, and everyone knows the truth about the identity of the murderers: In chapter 10, when Laurana asks Il parroco di SantAnna who within the town could be responsible for the murders, he replies: anche I bambini che devono ancora nascere possono rispondere alla domanda (P81). This perversion of love, loyalty and honour is a result of the Mafia dominance it has become more than an organisation; it is a set of assumptions and behaviours, above all the systematic concealment of murder and corruption. It has become a problem ingrained very deeply within Sicilian society and tradition: Problema insolubile sono troppi, troppi. (P85). The lack of police involvement in the murders is a manifestation of this idea the police are helpless against a circle of people who protect and conceal each other: the fear, cynicism and lack of faith in the judicial system is a major and problematic aspect of this insoluble problem, that is so present no only in the novel but also in real Sicilian society. A ciascuno il suo, like many of Sciascias works including Il giorno della Civetta and Todo Modo, is not, fundamentally, a detective story at all, as Italo Calvino writes to Sciascia: Il tuo giallo che non i un giallo . Rather Sciascia uses the genre as a device to express his fascination with the rotten Sicilian society in which he grew up and his feelings and his criticism of a place so throbbing with corruption, vendettas and mafia honour codes. He uses a particularly powerful image to convey this idea in the novel, and to contrast Sicily with the more civilised society in the North of Italy: Proverbio, regola: il morto i morto, diamo aiuto al vivo. .u29cd677fab0857ca82098651ab469bd2 , .u29cd677fab0857ca82098651ab469bd2 .postImageUrl , .u29cd677fab0857ca82098651ab469bd2 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u29cd677fab0857ca82098651ab469bd2 , .u29cd677fab0857ca82098651ab469bd2:hover , .u29cd677fab0857ca82098651ab469bd2:visited , .u29cd677fab0857ca82098651ab469bd2:active { border:0!important; } .u29cd677fab0857ca82098651ab469bd2 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u29cd677fab0857ca82098651ab469bd2 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u29cd677fab0857ca82098651ab469bd2:active , .u29cd677fab0857ca82098651ab469bd2:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u29cd677fab0857ca82098651ab469bd2 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u29cd677fab0857ca82098651ab469bd2 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u29cd677fab0857ca82098651ab469bd2 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u29cd677fab0857ca82098651ab469bd2 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u29cd677fab0857ca82098651ab469bd2:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u29cd677fab0857ca82098651ab469bd2 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u29cd677fab0857ca82098651ab469bd2 .u29cd677fab0857ca82098651ab469bd2-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u29cd677fab0857ca82098651ab469bd2:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: After The Bomb By Miklowitz EssaySe lei dice questo proverbio a uno del Nord, gli fa immaginare la scena di un incidente in cui ci un morto e ci un ferito: ed iragionevole lasciare li il morto e preoccuparsi di salvare il ferito. Un Siciliano vede invece il morto ammazzato e lassassino: e il vivo da aiutare i appunto lassassino. (P71) The theme of exposure and concealment of a typical detective story is what renders this prototype so well suited to Sciascias analysis of the socio-political climate which surrounds him. The impression the reader gains from this novel is a negative one: Sicily is stuck in a rut, and this is a motif throughout Sciascias works: nothing changes , the same injustice remains: Tanto, non cambia niente (P95).